Social Science- Commerce Glossary
Hello, my name is Mohammed Bazi. I've been studying in Social Science-Commerce for 2 years in College Ahuntsic. This glossary contains numerous words in order to help people in my field of study to learn and understand specific words in Commerce. The field of commerce is a very popular branch of study where students learn how to perform and be efficient in a business world. I searched for many words in my books and on the internet to bring an exact and complete description for my glossary readers. I hope that you will like my glossary and that you will learn some new words. Enjoy your reading!
- Enterprise
- Noun
- A unit of economic organization or activity especially : a business organization.
- Example: There are plenty of small industrial enterprises.
- fr: Entreprise
- Products
- noun
- A product is the item offered for sale. A product can be a service or an item. It can be physical or in virtual or cyber form. Every product is made at a cost and each is sold at a price.
- Example: The marketing focus should be more towards securing distribution channels and advertising using real data that proves the effectiveness of the products.
- fr: produits
- Tax
- Noun
- Compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions.
- Example: In the '70s and '80s tax rates were significantly higher than today's rate, yet people like me still worked hard to build wealth.
- fr: taxe
- Benefits
- noun
- Business benefit is a tangible outcome of an action or decision that helps meet business objectives.
- Example: Here are many factors that could affect the production of the division and it is wise to weigh the costs and benefits of all the alternatives available in order to decide which move will be most beneficial.
- fr: Bénéfices
- Profit
- noun
- Profit describes the financial benefit realized when revenue generated from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes involved in sustaining the activity in question.
- Example: Speculators who know that the currency is going to depreciate sharply at time T ' will try to profit by buying foreign reserves from the central bank at the lower exchange rate of EsT just before time T '.
- fr: Profit
- liability
- noun
- A liability is something a person or company owes, usually a sum of money. Liabilities are settled over time through the transfer of economic benefits including money, goods, or services.
- Example: A loan would be needed but if the research is in depth then it would not be too much of a liability.
- fr: passif
- goods
- noun
- Goods can be anything from merchandise, supplies, raw materials to already completed products. All items that are movable and are sold to a particular buyer.
- Example: In the Sonite market the firm has the lowest 'cost of goods sold and inventory holding costs.
- fr: biens
- proprietor
- noun
- The owner of a business, or a holder of property.
- Example: In comparison, Matthew Lewis in his Journal of a West India proprietor is dislocated from British values and relocated within the West Indies.
- fr: propriétaire
- partnership
- noun
- A partnership is a business owned by two or more people. In most forms of partnerships, each partner has unlimited liability for the debts incurred by the business.
- Example: A strategic partnership with Microsoft was formed guaranteeing continued development of products like Office and Internet Explorer.
- fr: partenariat
- corporation
- noun
- A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law 'born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes.
- Example: Three companies were amalgamated into a corporation
- fr: compagnie
- franchise
- noun
- A system in which entrepreneurs purchase the rights to open and run a business from a larger corporation.
- Example: The Nestle and Pramalat brand for example, have been developed based on consumers' trust and hence the brand franchise that bears their name.
- fr: franchise
- trade
- verb
- The action of buying and selling goods and services.
- Example: There is also a clear exit route available, which the Venture Capitalist company will need to be able to see, and that it is to do a merger (trade sale) with the low cost assembler.
- fr: marchander
- Finance
- noun
- A field that deals with the study of investments. It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk. Finance can also be defined as the science of money management.
- Example: The main issues are Marketing, IPR, finance and Innovation.
- fr: finance
- assets
- noun
- Property owned by a person or company, regarded as having value and available to meet debts, commitments, or legacies.
- Example: In reality, firm's hold risky as well as risk less debt and assuming a debt beta of 0 would not provide an accurate estimation of the firm's asset beta.
- fr: actif
- investments
- noun
- The action or process of investing money for profit or material result.
- Example: You would of course have to look into the cost of such investments and weigh up the gains and losses involved before deciding whether or not to proceed.
- fr: investissements
- distribution
- noun
- Spread the product throughout the marketplace such that a large number of people can buy it.
- Example: He admitted there had been distribution problems.
- fr: distribution
- expenditure
- noun
- An expenditure represents a payment with either cash or credit to purchase goods or services.
- Example: Brand Perceptions Advertising expenditure is at K$1725 but this has varied, often in line with budget constraints.
- fr: dépense
- interest
- noun
- Money paid regularly at a particular rate for the use of money lent, or for delaying the repayment of a debt.
- Example: The interest charged on the loan would probably not justify taking the loan out.
- fr: intérêt
- retail
- verb
- A retail sale occurs when a business sells a product or service to an individual consumer for his or her own use.
- Example: Figures showed continued economic strength, an increase in industrial output and retail sales outpaced forecasts.
- fr: vendre au detail
- fund
- noun
- A fund is a pool of money that is allocated for a specific purpose. A fund can be established for any purpose whatsoever, whether it is a city government setting aside money to build a new civic center, a college setting aside money to award a scholarship, or an insurance company setting aside money to pay its customers’ claims.
- Example: Seeing as it is more likely that PCD Maltron would be accepted by Venture Capitalists than Business Angels I recommend them to try Venture Capitalists to fund their expansion.
- fr: fonds